Polymers of n-acylaminoalkylacrylamide compounds



Patented Aug. a, 1949 ronymras or lv-sornsssmosnm, scarmuma oomromms Joseph B. Dickey, Rochester, N. 1.,

Eastman Kodak Company corporation of New Jersey moon August 14, ms. Serial No. mm

No Drawing.

uslgnorto ,Bochester,N.Y.,a

Schillin- ((1260-68) wherein It represents a member of the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group or an acyloxy group, R1 represents a saturated bivalent carbon chain radical of not more than 4 carbon atoms, x represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an acyl group or the group R1NHAcyl, and Acyl represents a member selected from the group of the acid radicals of organic carboxylic acids and organic sulphonic acids. More specifically, R can be hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, acetoly. propionyion, bu yryloxy. R1 can be a bivalent satin'ated radical such as ethylene, propylene, isopl' wlene, butylene, isobutylene, and the like, I! can be hydrogen, acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, acylaminoethyl, acylamlnopropyl, acylaminobutyl, and Acyl can be acetyl, propionyl, butyryl, benzoyl, benzenesulionyl, methylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl or butylsulfonyl. The N-acylaminoaikyl-acrylamide compounds above defined can be prepared, in general, by reacting an acrylylchlorlde or an alpha-substituted acrylylchloride with the acyl substituted organic diamine in the presence of an inert solvent medium, for example, dry benzene or dioxane. The acyl substituted organic diamine intermediates can be prepared by a number of processes including the general method of condensing an amine with an unsaturated ester such as isopropenyl acetate which is described and claimed in copending application in the name of William P. Utermohlen. Jr., Serial No. 601,917, filed June 27, 1945 (now United States Patent 2,472,633, dated June 7, 1949).

In the preparation of the various copolymers, there can be employed in conjimction with the above defined N-acylamlnoaikyl-acrylamides one or more unsaturated, polymerizable organic compounds including, for example, vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene dichloride. isopropenyl acetate, ethylene, isobutylene, vinyl i'ormate, vinyl ethyl ether, styrene, u-methylstyrene, vinyl fluoride, vinyl pyridine, vinyl methyl ketone, methyl lsopropeny] ether, methyl isopropenyl sulfone, isopropyl maleate, dimethyl maleate, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile, c-methacrylonitrile, c-alkoxyacrylonitriles such as s-methozyacrylonitrll e-ethoxyacrylonltrile, s-lcnitrile, acrylic acid-R-ethvlamide, butadiene-LS, 1-acetoxybutadiene-L3, iI-acetoxybutadiene-lfi, 2-cyanobutadiene-L3, z-chlorobutadiens-LS, z-acetamino butadiene-L3. and other similar kinds of unsaturated and polymcrisable compounds. The polymeric resins oi' the invention are capable of being spun into filaments, ilbers, threads, and cast or formed into valuable iilms, plastic materials, and the like.

It ts accordingly. an object of the invention to provide new polymeric compounds. A further object is to provide a process for preparing such polymers. Other objects will become apparent hereinafter.

'rhe polymerisation reactions are promoted by means oi heat and the use of catalysts. although satisfactory polymerisatlons can be obtained by heat polymerisation alone. Various methods of polymerisation can be carried out, for example. inmass.in emmsicnabeadsorin solution oi an inert liquid such as heptane, benzene, acetic acid, dioxane or water. The temperature range can vary considerably, but the preferred polymerization range is about from so to '15 C. Satisfactory resinous products are also obtained with up to and above 100,000 pounds per square inch. In the copolymerization reactions, the reacting ratios of the N-acylaminoalkylacrylamide compounds to the unsaturated polymerizabie organic compounds are not critical, since copolymerlc products of good quality can be obtained employing practically any measurable ratio, the copolymers obtained thereby varying somewhat in properties. in accordance with the amount of the respective groups entering into forming the resin molecule. All such products retain, however. the properties characteristic of the N-acylaminoalb'l-acrylamide grouping. The preferred copolymers of the invention are obtained withstartingmixtureshavingfromfitc 95 molecular parts of the acrylamide compound and from 95 to 5 molecular parts of the selected unsaturated. polymerisable vinyl type compound. Useful products can also be prepared from mixtures wherein the ratios are from 1 to 99 and 99 to 1 molecular parts, respectively. Where a catalyst is employed. it can be an oxygen type, for example, oxygen itself, benncyl peroxide, acetyl peroxide, urea peroxide, ammonium persulfate, hydrogen peroxide or a non-mm Wile such as boron triiluoride.

The following examples will serve to illustrate our new polymers and the methods of their pre washing with water and flashing oi! the benzene. were emulsified in 200 cc. of water with Gardinol ,sodium salt or lauryl sulfate) and polymerized at about 50 C. with vigorous stirring, using hydrogen peroxide as a catalyst. The latex thus obtained was useful for coating materials, sizing textiles. and the like. The bulk of the latex was precipitated by adding an excess oi acetic acid. the polymer so obtained was hard and tough, and capable of being molded into obiects or coated into iilms irmn its solutions. Related products can be obtained by similar means including polymerined N-peacetaminoethyl-s ethacrylamide, N-p-malonicdiamidoethyl methacrylamide, p- !ormamidoethyl-acrylamide, N-acetyl-N-p-acetaminoethyl-acrylamide. N-benzenesulionyl-N-fibenzenesulionamidoethyl acrylamide. N-u-acetamino-p-methylcarbamidopropyl acrylamide, ,6- butanesulionamidoethyl acrylamide, o-benaenesulfonamidobutyl-methacrylamide, p benzoylaminoethyl acrylamide, s-benzoyiaminoethyl-sacetoxyacrylamide and similar resinous polymers.

Example 2.-Copolymer of p-ace'taminoethylacrylamide, acrylonitrile and styrene 6 grams or p-acetaminoethyl-acrylamide, 10 grams of styrene and 100 grams or acrylonitrile were mixed together and heated at 50 0., with 0.025 per cent by weight or benzoyl peroxide. when the polymerization was about 20 per cent completed. the catalyst was destroyed and the polymer precipitated by pouring into ethyl ether. The precipitate obtained was dissolved in acetone. the solutitm poured into water and the precipitate filtered out and dried. The polymer was dissolved in acetone and spun into thread, using the dry spinning technique. The iiber thus prepared can be drafted by pulling in hot air, water or other non-solvents under suitable temperature conditions. Such fibers are tough, elastic and resistant to hot water. In place 01' styrene. there can be substituted in the above example. amethyl-styrene, s-acetoxystyrene or methacrylonitrile. Similarly. in place 01' the amide employed in the above example. there an be substituted s-butanesulionamidoethyl-acrylamide, prepared by reacting acrylyl chloride with butylsuli'onyl-ethylenediamine. or there can be substituted N-bis-u-acetaminopropylacrylamide. prepared by reacting acrylylchloride with NN'-dlacetyl-dipropylene triamine. The intermediate butylsulfonyl-ethylenediamine can be obtained by reacting butanesulfonylchloride with ethylenediamine in the presence of aqueous solution oi sodium bicarbonate at room temperature. while the Nfl' diacetyl-diprooylenediamine can be obtained by acetylating dipropylenediamine.

trample 3.-c'opolymer of N-s-malonlcdiamidoethvl-mcthacrylamide and vinyl acetate '7 grams or N-p-malonicdiamidoethyl-methacrylamide having the formula, CHa=C(CHs)CO-NHC:H4

I NHCOCH:OONH2 and 50 grams vinyl acetate were mixed together, 0.025 per cent by weight of benroyi perox- 4 mixtursthenseaiedinagiass tion was complete. The

ids added and the tube. until product was worked andpouringthedope obtainedintoanexcessof 5 water. The purified product was capable or be- .ing spun from its solutions into threads and nbers. compression molded by means or heat and pressure. injection molded or coated into sheet materials. 'lbe R-p-malonicdiamidoethyl-methacrylamide can be N-acylethylencdiamine by treating malonlc methyl ester with ammonia and warming the mono-amide product with ethylene diamine, then reacting the acyl substituted diamine with methacrylyl chloride. In place of vinyl acetate in the above example, there can be substituted vinyl formats. lsopropcnyl acetate. to obtain related products. Similarly in place oi the amide employed in the above example, there can be substituted u benaenesulionylamidobutyl acrylamide obtainable by reacting benzenesulionyl chloride with butylene diamine. and then reacting the substituted amine so obtained with acrylyi chloride. The proportions or the acrylamide compound and the vinyl acetate which can be employed in the starting polymerization mixtures can be varied within wide limits and still obtain valuable polymerized products from such mixtures. While the proportion 01' vinyl acetate so has been given in the example as roughly seven times the amide in quantity. good products can also be obtained with polymerization mixtures containing from 1 to 99 molecular parts or vinyl acetate and 99 to 1 molecular parts of N-pmalonicdiamidoethyl-methacrylamide.

Example 4.Copolvmer of s-lormamidoethylacrylamidc, ulnylidene dichloride and vinyl chloride grams or s-lormamidoethyl-acrylamide having the term prepared reacting acrylyl-chloride with formyl-ethylcne diamine, 97 grams of vinylidene dichloride and 8 grams or vinyl chloride were copolymerized together. using a small amount oi bennoyl peroxide as a catalyst. The polymerization can be carried to completion or interrupted by precipitation or the rean excess of ether. The product so obtained can be spun from a suitable solvent or from a melt to give iibers or value tor the making 01' textiles. In placeo! vinylidene dichloride, there may be substituted in the above example, vinylidene chloroiiuoride or vinylidene difluoride. The intermediate formyl-ethylene diamine can be prepared by reacting methyl formate with ethylene diamine.

Enample 5.C'op0lumer of N-GcetuI-N-B-acetaminoethyl-ocrylamide and methulmethacrylozyacetate 20 grams of N-acetyl-N-p-acetaminoethylaerylamide having the formula,

prepared by acylating ethylene diamine and reacting acylated amine with acrylyi chloride, and 100 grams of methyl methacryloxyacetate were mixed together and copolymerized at 50 6., using benzoyl peroxide as a catalyst. When the polymerization was complete. the product was purifled by reprecipitation from acetone. The hard and tough resin so obtained was suitable for the preparation 0! films, molded products and fibers.

upbydissolvinginacetone- 20 hours.

ram

5. In place of methyl methacryloxyacetate, there can be substituted in the above example. methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate or ethyl acrylate.

Example 6.- -Cpolvmer of N-benzenesulionyl-N- p-benzenesulyonamido ethyl acrylamide, vinylmethvlketone and vinulmethulsulj'oae 10 grams of N-benzenesulfonyl-N-s-benaenesuli'onamido-ethyl-acrylamide having the formula,

prepared by reacting acrylyl chloride with N,N- dlbenzenesulfonyl-ethylene diamine. were mixed with 10 grams of vinylmethylketone and 10 grams of vinylmethylsulfone and copolymerlzed in an autoclave under 4,000 pounds per square inch of pressure for 15 hours. the temperature being slowly raised from 20 C. to about 180 C. When polymerization was complete, the product was removed. It was capable oi being molded, coated into films and spun into threads from its solutions or melts. A similar product can be obtained by carrying out the polymerization in a water dispersion. The intermediate N,N-dibenzenesulfonylethylenediamine can be obtained by meet ing 2 moles of benzenesulfonyichloride with 1 mole of ethylene diamine in the presence of aqueous sodium hydroxide. In place of the vinyl monomers, there can be substituted in the above examples, methyl-isopropenyl ketone, methyl-isopropenylsulfone or vinyl sulfonamide.

Example 7.Copolymer 0) p-acetaminoethylacn lamide and Z-acetamino-butadiene 10 grams of p-acetaminoethyl-acrylamide and 10 grams of 2-acetamino-butadiene were copolymerized at 60 0., using benzoyl peroxide as a catalyst. The polymer after purification was capable of being molded, coated into films and other sheeting materials.

Exampte 8.-C'opolumer of N-u-acetamino-pmethylcarbamidopropyl-acrylamide and ethylene 5 grams of Nw-acetamino-a-methylcarbamidopropyl-acrylamide having the formula,

NHCHs) --CHa-NHCOCH:

prepared by reacting acrylylchloride with N-acetyl-p-methylcarbamldo-propylene diamine were placed in a 100 c. 0. capacity autoclave, and ethylene pumped in, until a pressure of 3,000 atmospheres was reached. The autoclave was then closed and heated to 180 C. for a period of about The polymer after purification was hard and tough and capable of being spun into fibers, molded into objects or coated into sheet materials and films. In place of ethylene, there can be substituted in the above example, propylene, iso-butylene. cyclohexene to obtain closely related products.

Example 9.-Copolymer of p-acetaminoethylacrylamide, dimethul fumarate and diethyl jumarate grams of fi-acetaminoethyl-acrylamide, 50 grams of dimethyl fumarate, 50 grams of diethyl fumarate, 0.5 gram of benzoyl peroxide, 500 c. c. of water and 1.25 grams of gum arabic were placed in a bottle, allowing about 10 per cent free space, and tumbled at about 50 R. P. M. and at a temperature of about 50 C. When polymerization was complete. the polymer in the form of beads was removed, washed with water and dried at about 50 C. The product was a colorless,

tough resin capable of being molded into shapes,-

spun into fibers and coated into sheet materials.

5 The polymerization can also be carried out in a suitable rotating autoclave under super atmospheric pressure up to about 4.000 atmospheres.

Example 10.C'opolymer of mixed N-acrulaminoethul-acrylamides mixtures wherein each of the mentioned acrylamides can range from 1 to grams.

What I claim is: l. A polymer derived by polymerization of a compound having the general formula? capo-o o-N-m-Nn-sc l wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a methyl group, an ethyl group and an acyloxy group oi a saturated fatty acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms. R1 represents a saturated bivalent hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of 2, 3 and 4 carbon atom radicals, x represents a member selected from the group consisting or hydrogen, an Acyl group and the group and Acyl represents the acid radical of an organic acid selected from the group consisting oi a saturated fatty acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms, a benzene carboxylic acid, a saturated alkylsulfonic acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms and a benzene sulionic acid.

2. A copolymer derived by polymerization of a mixture comprising from 1 to 99 molecular parts of a compound having the general formula:

wherein Acyi represents the radical of a saturated alkylsulfonic acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms and from 99 to 1 molecular parts of acrylonitrile.

3. The process which comprises heating in the 55 presence of a polymerization catalyst a compound having the general formula:

wherein R represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a methyl group, an

ethyl group and an acyloxy group of a saturated.

fatty acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms, R1 represents a saturated bivalent hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of 2, 8 and 4 carbon atom radicals, x represents a member selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an Acyl group and the group and Acyl represents the acid radical of an organlc acid selected from the group consisting of a saturated fatty acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms, a benzene carboxylic acid, a satu- 1 ratedalkylsulfonioacidofnotmore thanecarbon a'toms and a henecne sulfonic acid.

4. A copolymer derived by polymerization of a mixturecomprisincfromi tofliimolecularparta of a compound having the general formula:

OHFO B 0-N-O afle-NH-Aoyl M1 wherein each Aeyl repreoents the acid radical of a saturated fatty acid of not more than 6 carbon atoms and from 99 to 1 molecular parts of methyl methacrylate.

5. A copolymer derived by polymerization of a mixture comprising from 1 to 99 molecular parts of a compound having the general formula:

OHFCH-O ONO flr-NIL-Aoyl wherein each Acyl represents the acid radical of a benzene sulfonic acid and from 99 to 1 molecular parts of vinyl methyl ketone.

6. A process which comprises heating in the presence of a polymerization catalyst a mixture of from 1 to 99 molecular parts of a compound having the general formula:

a saturated fatty acid of not more than 4 carbon atomsandfromiwto imolecularpartsofmethyl methaorylate.

'1. A procees whichcomprlsee heath: inthe presence of a polymerisation catalyst a mixture of from 1 to 99 molecular parts of a compound havlnl the moral formula:

OBr-OH-OO-N-OaHr-NH-Aoyl wherein each Acyl represents the acid radical of a benzene eulfonic acid and from to 1 molecular parts of vinyl-methyl ketone.

8. A process which comprises heating in the presence of a polymerization catalyst a mixture of irom 1 to 99 molecular parts of a compound hayin: the general formula:

emu-co-u'n-cm-nH-am wherein Acyl represents the acid radical of a saturated alkylsulfonlc acid of not more than 4 carbon atoms and from 99 to 1 molecular parts of acrylonltrlle.

JOSEPH B. DICKEY.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the tile of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date 2,288,197 Kranzlein et a1. June 80, 1942 

